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微型真空泵的基本原理:電機(jī)的圓周運(yùn)動，通過機(jī)械裝置使泵內(nèi)部的隔膜做往復(fù)式運(yùn)動，從而對固定容積的泵腔內(nèi)的空氣進(jìn)行壓縮、拉伸形成真空(負(fù)壓)，在泵抽氣口處與外界大氣壓產(chǎn)生壓力差，在壓力差的作用下，將氣體壓(吸)入泵腔，再從排氣口排出。

The basic principle of miniature vacuum pump: the circumferential motion of the motor makes the diaphragm inside the pump reciprocating through the mechanical device, thus compresses and stretches the air in the fixed volume pump chamber to form a vacuum (negative pressure). Under the action of the pressure difference, the gas pressure (suction) is put into the pump chamber and then discharged from the exhaust outlet.

將一個(gè)密閉容器(開始時(shí)，內(nèi)部是常壓100KPa)，接上微型真空泵，對它進(jìn)行持續(xù)抽氣，比較后密閉容器內(nèi)的氣體壓力就會低于大氣壓，達(dá)到60KPa的對壓力。不但如此，經(jīng)過特殊的技術(shù)改進(jìn)，除了單抽氣的微型真空泵外，還可以形成抽氣打氣兩用的微型真空泵(即排氣端可以產(chǎn)生比較大的正壓)，用于增壓、充氣、克服系統(tǒng)阻力等等以及非常特的水氣兩用微型真空泵，它可以用于需要長期空轉(zhuǎn)、干轉(zhuǎn)等等場合，不像一般的水泵空轉(zhuǎn)，或者干轉(zhuǎn)就會損壞泵。

A sealed vessel (at the beginning, the internal pressure is 100 KPa) is connected with a miniature vacuum pump, which is continuously pumped. Finally, the gas pressure in the sealed vessel will be lower than the atmospheric pressure, reaching the absolute pressure of 60 KPa. Moreover, after special technical improvements, besides the single-suction miniature vacuum pump, it can also form a miniature vacuum pump (i.e., the exhaust end can produce relatively large positive pressure), which can be used for pressurization, inflation, overcoming system resistance and so on, as well as a very unique water-air dual-purpose miniature vacuum pump. It can be used in situations requiring long-term idling, dry rotation, etc., unlike other occasions. Normal pump idle, or dry turn will damage the pump.

正因?yàn)槌闅饪谔幓蛘叱榕艢饪诳梢耘c外界大氣形成壓力差，同時(shí)不像大型真空泵需要潤滑油和真空泵油，不會污染工作介質(zhì)，而且具有體積小巧、噪音低、免維護(hù)，可以連續(xù)24小時(shí)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，所以微型真空泵被作為動力裝置，廣泛用于氣體采樣、氣體循環(huán)、真空吸附、加速過濾、汽車真空助力等等場合，在醫(yī)療、衛(wèi)生、科研、環(huán)保等優(yōu)先域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。

Because the pressure difference between the suction port and the outside atmosphere can be formed, unlike the large vacuum pump, which needs lubricating oil and vacuum pump oil, does not pollute the working medium, and has the advantages of compact size, low noise, maintenance-free and continuous 24-hour operation, the micro vacuum pump is widely used as a power device for gas sampling, gas circulation and vacuum. Adsorption, accelerated filtration, automotive vacuum boost and other occasions have been widely used in medical, health, scientific research, environmental protection and other fields.

折疊編輯本段使用

Fold edit this paragraph using

隨著儀器儀表工業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展，體積小巧、無油環(huán)保的微型真空泵、微型氣泵得到越來越廣泛的使用。如何才能在規(guī)格繁多的微型泵中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)漠a(chǎn)品呢?

With the vigorous development of instrumentation industry, compact, oil-free and environmentally friendly micro-vacuum pumps and micro-air pumps are more and more widely used. How can we choose the most appropriate product among the micropumps with various specifications?

要明確微型泵的用途。我們分三大類逐一討論。

First of all, the use of micro-pumps should be clarified. We discuss them one by one in three categories.

折疊輸入壓縮空氣

Fold input compressed air

一、如果只是用微型氣泵輸出壓縮空氣。

1. If only compressed air is output by a miniature air pump.

簡單地說，就是只用它來打氣、充氣，泵的抽氣口基本不用。

Simply put, it is only used to inflate and inflate air, and the pump's suction port is basically not used.

折疊抽水或抽氣

Folding pumping or suction

二、如果是以下幾種情況，則應(yīng)該選用PHW600B或WAA系列產(chǎn)品。

Second, if the following circumstances, you should choose PHW600B or WAA series products.

1、用微型泵抽氣或抽真空，但有時(shí)會有液態(tài)水進(jìn)入泵腔。

1. Pumping air or vacuum with a micro-pump, but sometimes liquid water enters the pump chamber.

2、要求微型泵既能抽氣又能抽水。

2. It is required that the micro-pump can pump both air and water.

3、主要用微型泵抽水，但不希望在抽水前靠人工加"引水"。(有些水泵在工作前需要人工加入一些"引水"，這樣泵才能把低處的水抽上來，否則泵無法抽水甚至損壞。)PHW600B或WAA系列產(chǎn)品的長處就在于，沒有接觸到水時(shí)，它就抽真空，形成真空后靠氣壓把水壓上來，而后開始抽水。

3. Mainly use micro-pump to pump water, but do not want to add manual "water diversion" before pumping. (Some pumps need to add some manual "water diversion" before work, so that the pump can pump up the low water, otherwise the pump can not pump or even damage. ) The advantage of PHW600B or WAA series products is that when it does not touch water, it vacuum, and then pressure water up by air pressure, and then start pumping.

4、用微型泵抽水，但有些時(shí)候可能泵沒有水可抽，處于"干轉(zhuǎn)"狀態(tài)。某些傳統(tǒng)水泵畏懼"干轉(zhuǎn)"，甚至是致命的。而PHW600B或WAA系列產(chǎn)品本質(zhì)上是一種復(fù)合功能泵，它集成了真空泵和水泵的功能，有人把它叫作"真空水泵"。因此，在沒有水的情況下，它會抽真空，有水的時(shí)候它就抽水。無論是抽氣狀態(tài)還是抽水狀態(tài)，都屬于正常工作范疇，也就無所謂"干轉(zhuǎn)"損傷。

4. Pumping with micro-pumps, but sometimes there may be no water to pump, in a "dry" state. Some traditional pumps are afraid of "running dry" or even deadly. PHW600B or WAA series products are essentially a kind of compound function pump, which integrates the functions of vacuum pump and water pump. Some people call it "vacuum pump". Therefore, in the absence of water, it will vacuum, when there is water, it will pump. Whether it is pumping or pumping, it belongs to the normal working category, so there is no so-called "dry rotation" injury.

折疊抽氣

Folding suction

三、如果是用微型泵抽氣，情況稍微復(fù)雜些。

Third, if it is pumped by micro-pump, the situation is slightly more complicated.

(一)、判斷微型泵抽氣端工況

(1) Judging the working condition of the pumping end of a micro-pump

用于抽氣的微型泵分為兩類:氣體采樣泵和微型真空泵。雖然通?？偸遣患訁^(qū)分地把它們簡單統(tǒng)稱為微型真空泵，但從技術(shù)角度二者是有區(qū)別的，選型時(shí)更要特別注意。

There are two kinds of micro-pumps for air pumping: gas sampling pump and micro-vacuum pump. Although they are usually referred to as miniature vacuum pumps indiscriminately, they are different from each other from a technical point of view, and special attention should be paid to their selection.

簡而言之，氣體采樣泵只能帶小負(fù)載(即:泵抽氣端阻力不能太大)，但價(jià)格便宜;嚴(yán)格意義上的微型真空泵可以帶大負(fù)載(抽氣端允許大阻力，甚至完全堵塞)，但價(jià)格稍貴。二者具體區(qū)別可以詳見文章《關(guān)于微型真空泵與氣體采樣泵的區(qū)別》，不再復(fù)述。

In short, the gas sampling pump can only carry a small load (i.e., the resistance at the pump end can not be too large), but the price is cheap; strictly speaking, the micro vacuum pump can carry a large load (the pump end allows large resistance, or even completely blocked), but the price is slightly expensive. The specific difference between the two can be seen in the article "On the difference between micro vacuum pumps and gas sampling pumps", which will not be repeated.

氣體采樣泵有:PM系列(具體型號如:PM950.2、PM850.5、PM8001、PM7002、PM6503);微型真空泵有: VM系列、VAA系列、PK系列、PC系列、VCA系列、VCC系列、VCH系列、PH系列、FM系列、FAA系列、PCF系列，這些系列下的所有規(guī)格都是真正的微型真空泵，如VM7002、VAA6005、PC3025等。

Gas sampling pumps are PM series (such as PM950.2, PM850.5, PM8001, PM7002, PM6503); micro vacuum pumps are: VM series, VAA series, PK series, PC series, VCA series, VCC series, VCH series, PH series, FM series, FAA series, PCF series, all specifications under these series are real micro vacuum pumps, such as VM7002, VAA6005, PC3025, etc.

對于微型泵抽氣端阻力的大小可以用儀器測定，把它與泵的技術(shù)參數(shù)"進(jìn)氣口允許比較大阻力"Por值比較就可以知道選型是否合適。通常根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)采用簡便的方法確定，比如下述幾種情況都屬于負(fù)載較大(即泵的抽氣端阻力較大)，只能在微型真空泵范圍內(nèi)選型:①在泵的抽氣端要接很長的管道，或管道彎曲點(diǎn)多、彎曲厲害甚至?xí)枞忾]，或管道內(nèi)孔很小(比如小于φ2毫米);②在管路上有節(jié)流閥、電磁閥、氣路開關(guān)、過濾器等元件;③泵抽氣口與密閉容器連接，或該容器雖未密閉但進(jìn)氣量較小;④泵抽氣口與吸盤連接，用于吸附物體(如集成塊、精密工件等);⑤泵的抽氣端與過濾容器相連，容器口放置濾網(wǎng)，用于加速液體過濾。

The resistance of the pump end can be measured by an instrument, and it can be compared with the Por value of the technical parameter of the pump, which is the maximum allowable resistance of the intake port. Usually, according to experience, a simple method is used to determine, for example, the following situations belong to the larger load (i.e., the greater resistance of the pumping end of the pump), which can only be selected within the scope of the miniature vacuum pump: 1) long pipeline should be connected at the pumping end of the pump, or the pipeline has many bending points, severe bending and even blockage and closure, or the inner hole of the pipeline is very small (e.g., less than 2 mm); 2) throttle valves, throttle valves, throttle val Solenoid valves, air circuit switches, filters and other components; (3) the pump suction port is connected with the closed container, or the container is not closed but the intake volume is small; (4) the pump suction port is connected with the suction cup for adsorbing objects (such as integrated blocks, precision workpieces, etc.); (5) the pump suction end is connected with the filter container, and the container port is placed with a filter for accelerating liquid filtration.